@Trent Chance if the IRS thinks you're doing the 1031 only to avoid the tax instead of for a separate business purpose, they could consider the refi as taxable.
Here's the position according to First American Exchange Company:
"Although it is possible to refinance before or after an exchange without triggering tax, investors should carefully consider their options before doing this, because the IRS could take the position that the refinancing is taxable when it is done to avoid tax rather than for a separate business purpose. Despite this risk, an investor should be able to refinance the relinquished or replacement properties and get tax free cash, as long as he establishes that the refinance had "independent economic substance."
Every situation is different, and investors should discuss their plans with their tax advisors, but here are a few suggestions that may help investors structure a refinance so that the funds received are not taxable:
The loan should have a clear business purpose (other than just getting the equity out of the property) and that business purpose should be well documented in the investor's files.
The refinance should occur as far away in time as possible from the closing of the relinquished or replacement properties.
The refinance should be documented as a separate transaction and should not appear on the same closing statement as the closing of the relinquished or replacement properties."
Important to remember that this is their recommendation, not their requirement. Proceed with caution is probably the most prudent advice, I guess