@Eamonn McElroy @Natalie Kolodij wow 50% to land, that's the first I've heard.... I don't typically see anything over 30% (we consider 30% to be very conservative) and that's for properties in the SF Bay Area and HI. One step further, we'll generally see MF Properties lower, around 20% land.
@Chaim Rosenstadt when i compute your numbers above (assuming $440 mortgage includes principal & interest) I get $333 in cash flow. Vacancy and Capex are not cash out expenses, they are reserves that you should hold for when you do have vacancy or a large capital expenditure - so you have funds to pay for those items - and they will be expensed or capitalized in the year/month they occur. If you factor in ~$200 in depreciation (random number since we don't really know what your depreciable basis or land allocation is), you are looking at taxable income of $133 but you received $333 in cash.
Often times a "tax loss" occurs when you have monthly expenses that bring your taxable income close to zero, and then non cash expenses like depreciation and amortization further reduce your taxable income below zero, creating said "tax loss".
disclaimer: been working a long day today, so please feel free to fact check my math :)