Only an appraiser can legally do an appraisal, a BPO is the bank wanting to do things in the cheapest way. REALTORs do CMAs or BPOs not appraisals unless they are also appraisers. There is a difference between the 3.
Copy and pasted my BPO disclaimer included in every BPO I did:
Even if there is any pre-printed verbiage to the contrary, this broker price opinion (BPO) is not an appraisal of the market value of the property. It is intended only for the benefit of the requesting party for the purpose of assisting the requesting party in deciding the listing, offering, sale, exchange, option, lease, or acquisition price of the real property and not for any other purpose, including, but not limited to, obtaining financing. If an appraisal is desired, the services of a licensed or certified appraiser must be obtained. BPO and Competitive Market Analysis (CMA) are services that SC licensed Brokerages can provide under SC Code 40-57-30.
If the bank or anyone else wants an appraisal, then they can pay an appraiser for one. But like I said I have pretty much quit, not worth the time for what they pay to me.
And arguing with the QA that the property is not worth what they want me to say it is also helped me make the decision to stop doing BPOs. The final straw was a 6000SF lake home on 3 acres. A hard property to comp anyway, but when you also add to the equation that lake sales were dead because we were in the middle of a drought with most docks sitting on the dry lake bed, it just made it worse. But they kept sending it back saying my value was too low. Over 12 months later it is still sitting on the market, $200K above what I told them it would take to sell it. I would love to be able to tell the QA "I told ya so!" If it would have sold at the price the bank wanted, then it would have done so in the previous 24 months it had been on the market.
Some agents do not have the balls to tell people the truth. Just because you want a property to worth more does not make it so. Or as some people have said the agent thinks they can get a listing by suggesting a higher value in the BPO. The agent is just shooting themselves in the foot by doing this. The agent does not realize the BPO mill/bank/AM grades them on suggested list price versus final sales price versus DOM. Or that more often than not more than one BPO will be done.