Quote from @Denise Evans:
Alabama 45 counties (about 2/3) including all the large ones now do tax lien auctions with online auctions and interest bid-down. Redemption period 3 years. For those still doing tax certificate auctions, and for purchases over the counter from the State, tax deed is automatic three years after auction, but there might still be redemption rights. The tax deed vastly improves the investor's legal and economic position, though. For tax liens, you file a judicial foreclosure lawsuit to foreclose your lien. You name as defendants anyone who has redemption rights. If they don't redeem (by paying taxes, interest, and investor legal fees) then the judge forecloses the lien, quiets title in the investor and orders the circuit clerk to issue a deed to the investor. There is no auction. Outsiders do not get a chance to get the property when there is a judicial foreclosure. It's not like a judicial foreclosure of a mortgage, in those states that use that method.
Possession rights in investor automatic granted after tax certificate sale. No automatic with tax lien sale, but there are strategies for gaining possession and improving the property, and getting reimbursed even if there is a redemption. Plus, investor can keep rental income in the meantime.
Thanks for the information Denise, I have a question for clarification in regards to tax liens. After the 3 year redemptive period expires, the tax lien holder hires an attorney to file a foreclosure lawsuit against everyone that has an ownership interest in the property. So even after the redemptive period expires and after the lawsuit has been filed, someone with an ownership interest in the property can still do a redemption? If they can, would they have to pay all of the tax lien holder's attorney costs to that point for the lawsuit?
I noticed that AZ is the same way, anyone with an ownership interest can redeem even after the redemption period expired and after the lawsuit has been started. Louisiana is so different, they can't do a redemption here after the redemption period expires. All they can do is file a lawsuit to try to annual the tax sale. When I file my lawsuit to confirm the tax sale and quiet title (foreclosure) they either do nothing and I win or they file their own lawsuit to try to annual the tax sale and try to make a defense, which usually they try to claim lack of notice.