We always tell clients that taxes need to be considered, but you still need to consider the total economic effect and impact on other / future opportunity.

This option also impacts the refinance as the property will now have comparable sales with other 3 units. 2) Install the fire suppression system and parking lot with the hopes that the property will appraise for the additional amount so the refinance will cover the additional costs.

If you knew the owners had to kick in $500 monthly to the lender on top of your payment to them, that would probably impact your desire to take over their mortgage payment!

Does anyone know the impact this will have on the ability to have multiple VA loans at once?

Finally, the "how" you'll finance the property is going to impact what kind of equity you'll need to look for so try to have a clear idea.Hope this helps and good luck! 

I wanted to know if my student loans will have a big impact on my ability to get the cash out refinances for my rental properties.

This can impact your ability to sell later and the potential for appreciation.2.  

Yes, if it is a mass tragedy you're going to be waiting on a payout as insurers become impacted... but you're going to get your market value or replacement cost. 

The problem with that at scale is it impacts their businesses.

I have no idea the impact the new laws have on me, as my taxable income was significantly higher in 2018 than in 2017.