Quote from @Michael Baum:
Hey @Tyler Solomon, everyone (including me) would be interested in your take and process on DSCR loans.
Michael - happy to elaborate!
High Level:
DSCR loans evaluate, underwrite, and lend based on an investment property(s) ability to cash flow (It's DSCR Ratio), amongst a few other key qualifying factors. The primary qualifying factors for sponsors include the sponsor's FICO score, overall leverage (LTV), and of course, the property's DSCR ratio. DSCR loans allow investors to purchase OR refinance their income producing properties, typically 1-10 units, based on the property as an income producing asset, and less so based on the individual as a borrower.
My Take:
DSCR Loans are a great tool for investors looking to start or scale their investment portfolio. With no DTI consideration, and no income verification, it makes these products especially lucrative for those who no longer, or can not qualify for conventional financing. DSCR loans reward investors for finding great deals that cashflow - and can even be pulled off for properties that do not cashflow. While DSCR loans do have higher down payment requirements (typically minimum of 20% Down), it allows investors to qualify for financing based on the asset they have, or wish to have, and not on their personal income/debt history.
Short Term Rentals are still a relatively new asset class, and DSCR loans take a logic based approach to underwriting these income producing assets and rewards investors who find strong deals! While DSCR loans are very popular in the STR space, many traditional long term rental investors also take advantage of these products as well.
DSCR Loans Explained:
DSCR loans, meant specifically for investment properties only, are effective because they require no income verification (or DTI – Debt-To-Income Ratio) and no tax returns or endless paperwork. Further – while the qualification and documentation is much less than conventional mortgages – the interest rates are just barely higher (typically around 1% more). These loans offer fixed rates for 30 years (including options where its interest-only for the first 10 years), so you avoid the payoff and refinance pressure that often comes with hard money alternatives.
DSCR stands for "Debt-Service-Coverage-Ratio" and measures the income from the property (rents) divided by the main expenses of the property (principal and interest on your mortgage loan, plus property taxes, insurance, and any applicable HOA dues).
Real estate investors generally invest for monthly cash flow from their rental properties, or so their rents (income) exceed their expenses, and they have cash (profit) left over. A DSCR of 1.00x means that income equals expenses so that the investor is breaking even, a DSCR above 1.00x means the investor is making money (cash flow). For example, a DSCR of 1.25x would occur if the property earns $1,250 per month in rent and has $1,000 in PITIA (expense – or principal + interest + taxes + insurance + association dues). A DSCR below 1.00x means that expenses exceed income, so the investor is losing cash flow every month.
DSCR lenders will qualify income through a few ways. For long term rentals, they will underwrite the 1007 appraised market rent schedule or in place rents, dependent on the property. For Short Term Rentals, there are a few ways to attack it. Certain lenders will still rely on the appraised market rent to qualify income, despite the short term rental revenue - which does not make much sense to me. More innovative lenders will underwrite Short Term Rentals based on either the trailing 12 month income history for the property, or the projected short term rental revenue projections utilizing popular tools such as AirDNA, a personal favorite of mine!
DSCR lenders look at your credit score and make sure you have a few months of payments in the bank. But other than that your property qualifies, not you. That means your income sources, whether you have a W-2 job, own a business, invest in real estate full time or are retired or between jobs, don’t matter! DSCR lenders strictly do not take income into account!