Hi,
Ok where to start.
I have been running rentals in Florida since the late 70's and will try to answer a few
questions and venture a few opinions about what you are considering.
First about Florida in general.
Negative:
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a- Insurance
The insurance costs in Florida are higher as a percentage of rent then in most parts of the US,
so return on investment is impacted negatively.
1- You will be signing paper, lack of cash, so you are required to have insurance which is hard to get and expensive.
2- Insurance companies that will insure you limit the age of an insurable house
(15 years or less is common)
3- Roof age is limited to 10-15 years, regardless of roofer guarantee, so buying a house
with a 10 year old roof means you are looking at an almost immediate new roof. Cash is
usually required and an average roof cost of 5,000 for a small house.
b- Property taxes
The wondeful legislature passed two laws affecting landlords:
1- The property tax, homestead exemption was raised for homesteaders, those who live in the
home, but limited to a 10% increase per year for landlords.
This means that given that Florida like most states is broke, the landlord will
be getting a disproportionate level of property tax increases for the coming years,
I budget for the full 10%, although last year my increase was only about 2%, homesteaders
had a decrease in their taxes of up to 25%. Don't think about lying, an acquaintance of mine
was severly punished for that, financially.
2- The three month clause. The costs for getting a tenant are rising with along other costs,
but at least you could sign a one or more years lease to help with teh amortization of the
costs. But now, they have passed the three-month clause which means that a tenant can give
three-months notice the day after he signs a one-year lease and you can do nothing about it
but re-run your advertising and alert the wife.
b- Transient
Florida is a transient state which means you can expect a higher turnover then you would like,
or hope for, especially around an airbase.
c- Huimidity is a killer of carpets/flooring. Should always change all floors to
tile as soon as is possible to minimize the most annoying costs for a FLorida landlord.
Average carpet life is only about 5 years and that is with no pets, with pets shorter.
And the cleaning costs eat into your re-leasing costs eevry turnover which can be expected to
be higher, see above.
Good Parts of FLorida
=====================
a- Legal Deposits
1st, last, and security are allowed along with pets fees, pet deposits, key deposits, separate
garage arrangements and the lease language is specific and legally enforceable.
b- The property prices as an entry point are close to the lowest I have seen in thirty
years, so it is a good time to be looking at entering the game.
Now your situation in particular:
=================================
You do not have a lot of cash and so will be entering a dangerous area.
If you spend 43,000 for a house needing say 8,000 in updating, replace floors with tile, appliances
baths etc., with a closing cost of sat 8000. Well you are left with available credit of 9,000. This
will have to cover you mortgage payments durinng renovation, which you must do yourself, and finding a tenant, which you must also do yourself. No contractor, no manager, you cannot afford it and you need
an ojt education of the finer, read that as expensive points, of the rental business.
Numbers
Mortgage 15 years @7.00% on 35,000 $314.59 a month
Insurance (Landlor policy) 150.00 a month
Property Tax 80.00 a month
================
Monthly cost: 544.59 a month
Rent: 650.00 a month
Running numbers like this: Plus cash per month: 105.00
This is with no management costs of 10-12% per month.
As you can see there is no room for even a month's vacancy, and you must budget for this,
I budget 11 months a year. No maintenace numbers, I budget for two months a year.
Put it all together
==================
Even with the minimal numbers I quickly put together, you must assume a negative cash flow for
the first year or two, both for the inital repairs and the learning mistakes you will make, we all
do. And you do not have a lot of cash to hold you over, even a minor problem could cause devastation to
your budget and foreclosure.
Why would anyone do this? The reason is long term. I have 10+ houses and all are now worth 4-10
times what I initially paye dfor them, even with the late crash in prices. But during the 30 or
so years I have been in this, at least 20% were negative cash flow years until all mortgages
were paid off.
If you take a long-term view of rentals and expect pain and negative cash flow for a while,
then this is the best time I have seen to get in the game, the expected appreciation curve in the
coming years has a steep grade and capital gains are there in the future, but pain is ahead in the short
term and you must expect that, and do a lot of work, as much as possible, yourself.
You need to study Florida Landlord lawsas well, the prospective tenants will,
they can be found easily online
Hope this helped and gl..