Hi Eric
I'm in a similar position and will be closing on my first property on Monday. However my in-laws have done this for a long time and are coaching me along. Here are some items I'm aware of for steps between the closing and getting a renter.
* In the city I'm in you have to get (or transfer from previous owner) a Certificate of Occupancy. This can require an inspection depending on how long it's been since the last certificate was approved. The inspection has to be done by the city inspector and in some cases they can demand expensive fixes. Once this is granted, again in my city you have to register the home as a rental.
* From there you have to market the property, say on Craigslist
* Then when you show the property it's good to have a rental application and a credit application. Open an account with someone like realchek.com to do credit reports.
* You'll need to come up with a water tight lease, and if the house was built before 1978 you'll need a lead disclosure form and booklet. Also you'll need to generate a checklist for them to fill out when they move in.
* Also security deposits cannot mix with your every day bank account, so you'll need an account you can put the security deposit in where it can sit as long as required until the renters move on.
I'd suggest to read a lot of the Landlord blogs on BP.
These are what come to mind as of now. I'll learn more in the coming few weeks.
-Jon Q