HI Ari
I would definitely NOT recommend investing in a coffee farm. I own a organic coffee farm In Panama so I'm speaking from experience. The yield is not what some companies promote!
You can get a Friendly Nations Visa, then 5 years later + $600, you can apply for Panama citizenship and get a passport. The requirements to get a Residency Visa are a clean national criminal report (like FBI), $5,000 in a Panama bank account ( which you can start spending as soon as you get your permanent visa plus either a (1) labor contract OR (2) set up a corporation in Panama for about $1000, OR (3) buy real estate worth at least $100,000 which is titled in your name and has no debt. It's a 3 step process to get a Friendly Nations Visa. First you have to come to Panama to apply for your visa. Within 24-48 hours you'll have a temporary visa. You'll also want to get a multi-entry visa stamp in your passport which allows you to leave the country while you are in the process of getting your permanent Visa. Then about 3 months later, your attorney will notify you that your permanent visa is ready, you could come back to Panama then to get your permanent Resident Visa which is food forever or you can wait about 30 days for your attorney to apply for your Cedual ( national ID card) so you can pick up the Permanent Visa and Cedula on the same trip.
As for investments... there are a lot of opportunities but you also need to be really careful. What to invest in depends on what your objectives are. If you want cash flow,I'd advise single family houses in the Boquete area or condos near Coronado or Gorgona. If you're looking for the biggest upside potential I'd advise other areas.
I've been buying land that I find at a good price. ( You won't get this through a real estate agent.) Then building a 1250sf two bedroom 2 bath houses for $35,000 which will rent for $800 a month furnished and all inclusive. There are no property taxes and insurance is only $140 a year on a house like this. Great ROI! (Much better investment than a coffee farm)
There is a big demand for affordable north american style rentals in many parts of Panama.
You do need to know that not all properties in Panama are titled. Some are ROP (right of possession) and you want to avoid this even though the prices are often super cheap.
Do a google search for Panama Relocation Tours