What trouble can you get if you are a renter and rent out rooms?

[Bryan T.]

What trouble can you get if you are a renter and rent out rooms (sublease, room share, or AirBnB) without notifying the landlord in Texas (specifically Houston, TX)? What are the chances of getting into such trouble? 

I am not sure whether or not a renter can sublease or rent to another person (e.g. room share) without notifying the landlord. If a renter wants to do these things (sublease, room share or AirBnB), what steps can/should they take to make it successful? What are the chances of being able to rent and do these things?

I want to know this as a future renter and future real estate investor/landlord.