Capital Improvements Included in an Appraisal?

Question

Hey all - I'm getting an appraisal done on my apartment complex this week and I'm wondering if anyone knows:

Will an appraiser include the "CapEx" in the valuation? Like, I spent $25,000 replacing the siding on part of the property. This is being classified as a Capital Improvement on my taxes, thus will be deducted over 27.5 years, or around $900 a year.

So, will the appraiser look at my expense as $900 when determining valuation or will he look at it like $25,000? Or something in between?

Secondly, I took out a $37,000 loan from a bank to pay for this big siding expense. Does that affect anything?

cc: @Christopher McGuire , @Sonya Stovall , @Account Closed and whoever else?

(p.s. you four came up first when I searched for recent active appraisers on BiggerPockets.com/meet :) That's a slick use of /meet I had never thought of before! )

Thanks so much for any input!

Account Closed · Answer

The appraiser will take the improvements and expenditures into account while evaluating the property condition and effective age. The actual expense will be blended into the line item "reserves" (for replacements of long-lived items). This line item represents a slice of the total expected life of the structure. The amount of the line item is derived from the appraiser's experience in the local market, where observations can be made of typical owners of similar properties. The appraiser will comment on any departure from the norm for the market, as far as the amount of expenditures needed or actually made. Your own treatment of expenditures and loan interest paid and depreciation of the asset are for your tax advisers to address. kv

Sonya Stovall · Answer

@Bob Bowling what I am saying is honestly it's a question for a phone conversation rather than a forum because there are so many variables. But again if the appraisal is for market value, when doing the income approach to value the property. The appraisal will determine the EGI and from that they will subtract both fixed expenses to operate the unit (taxes, insurance, etc) and variable expenses (repairs, utilities), One of the variable expenses that is subtracted is a monthly fee for Reserve Replacements (money you set aside for replacement of roof, HVAC, parking, etc). This fee and property specific. If a owner has just paid for a replacement of an item and has an actual bill, the appraiser will use that data point. In getting those numbers, appraiser reply on contractors to give them quotes on what it will cost to replace for that specific property. Using that cost and the estimate life of the item gives you a yearly estimate.So once you subtract those you will get the NOI for the property. Again this is for Commercial Properties. If you have a duplex, three unit apartment; no it's not as detailed. But when you get to really multiple units, yes the Reserve Replacements is calculated and used when doing the Appraisal.Again these are Appraisals not done on some form but are actual Reports which show Market Demand, etc. I hope this helps. Main point to remember, each appraisal is different due to property and value sought and my answer may not be applicable to this situation but it is absolutely part of the process on some situations(i.e. which value is the lender requesting and what scope of work did they request).

Christopher McGuire · Answer

They will consider it when estimating the effective age but it all boils down to your NOI. BTW- I feel famous that Brandon Turner tagged me in something. :)Best of luck!

Brent Coombs · Answer

@Brandon Turner Reading between the lines, Account Closed might value your property as being say, $15k more valuable than a similar property that might need its siding replaced very soon (or $10k, or $5K or $0k or even $50k) depending on his knowledge of what the market will pay vis-a-vis before and after. I would imagine that your $37,000 borrowed amount will have no bearing at all. [Apologies to Kevin if I am wrong about any of that]. Cheers...

Account Closed · Answer

What are you trying to say?

Sonya Stovall · Answer

@Brandon Turner that's a loaded question.Q1 - Capital Expenditures are included in appraisals of apartments(I'm talking about units bigger than 4-plexes). I've been in the DC area now for 4 years and have not appraised since I left MS. When we did appraise an apartment, we would interview the manager/owner and get details of operating expenses (would request a copy of the Schedule E from the past 3 years) and of capital expenditures recently to help determine depreciation of those items(actual age) and determine capital reserves calculation for the pro forma. Analyzing both operating and capital is key and determine if the unit has a rate at normal for market, higher or lower.Q2 - I would inquire about actual cost paid for the unit, how was it financied at time of purchase and the financing terms(can be used to extract a Cap Rate). Also any other liens or loans on the property(this does not affect valuation but information that is good to know and have in the file).This is a quick, short overview and I assumed your reason for the appraisal is for market value for lending, refinancing purposes. If it is for insurance (insurable value) or other reasons the answer will change. Hope this helps.

Account Closed · Answer

nope!