At the top of the food chain is your Fannie/Freddie product which basically has the highest standards, but the lowest costs and rates. 

Is this normal or is there a standard way of writing such a clause into an agreement?

I've also filed a complaint with the BBB and found similar stories there and in two other placesIt seems that they have served some customers well in the past, but in my case they are only collecting money, and not marketing leads.

In states that allow judgments, the bank may set their opening bid lower than the total owed and then file a judgment against the owner for the shortage. 

Their rates are pretty standard for the area.

Here's the link:https://www.biggerpockets.com/renewsblog/biggerpockets-podcast-269-how-the-new-tax-code-affects-your-real-estate-investments-with-amanda-han-and-brandon-hall/Luke Chung, back to your questions. 20% is a fairly standard amount to be reallocated to 5, and 15 year property and accelerated.

Above that amount, it may be advantageous to convert the LLC to an S corp, which is done with a filing called an S election.

It's not your tax files where you might clean them out after 10 years, they cannot be cleared out.If the HOA is out of compliance I would not buy into the unit and if there and they don't comply with your legitimate requests you'll likely have to sue them.BTW, I used to own a lot of property in Houston TX which has no zoning so everything was in an HOA, I've served on HOA boards and been president of HOAs twice including my current residence in CO.

That means that they would not file their own federal tax return; the activity would continue to be reported on the LLC owner's tax return (in this case on your individual tax return). 

Cash-on-cash seems to be what most people I’ve been talking to and clients I’ve been working with are using as a standard.