Hey Elizabeth - I'd factor in about $10k to get a padsplit up and running when it comes to furnishing which would include washer / dryer, additional fridge, bedding/desks, common area furnishings if you want to offer a little better experience.I'm only familiar with ATL - I think accounting for 1 move in / 1 move out per month is a good conservative assumption here.$8kish / year or so on routine and reactive maintenance combined which should include your cleanings, lawn care, maintenance calls ect. 12% per month of gross rents should be a good estimate if you want to look at it like that!

Factor in vacancy.  

A couple of treatments worked for me.

I've included an example below to help illustrate this.So different lenders have different rates (which do vary even for DSCR loans) but these are factors they all consider.See example below:DSCR < 1Principal + Interest = $1,700Taxes = $350, Insurance = $100, Association Dues = $50Total PITIA = $2200Rent = $2000DSCR = Rent/PITIA = 2000/2200 = 0.91Since the DSCR is 0.91, we know the expenses are greater than the income of the property.DSCR >1Principal + Interest = $1,500Taxes = $250, Insurance = $100, Association Dues = $25Total PITIA = $1875 Rent = $2300DSCR = Rent/PITIA = 2300/1875 = 1.23If a purchase, you also generally need reserves / savings to show you have 3-6 month payments of PITIA (principal / interest (mortgage payment), property taxes and insurance and HOA (if applicable).

Its a more comprehensive view especially early in your investing journey unless $ isn't a factor.

Running detailed cash flow projections, factoring in their management fees and expected rent increases (you can use some of the great BiggerPockets Pro tools like the calculators to do this!)

Credit scores are made up of many factors, one is the utilization of an account vs its credit limit.

When working with private lenders, the costs for preparing loan documents can vary based on a few factors, including the complexity of the loan, the attorney’s experience, and the geographic location.

Either they choose to move out or you get paid for the “hassle factor”.

If your goal is to buy and hold for a long time, you need to consider factors other than just cash flow, like appreciation.