Buying at the mortgage balance (~$150K) positions is under the fair market value and can trigger gift tax rules.

Asking in the correct forum will get a better response.Read the RULES!

For existing properties, you must make substantial improvements (equal to the property’s value, excluding land) within 30 months.Ensure the duplex qualifies as an OZ investment and complies with QOF rules.

Using 50% rule (expenses excluding P&i is 50% of rent) here are the numbers;1800 (rent) - $900 (expenses) - 1468 (heloc) = negative $568/monthAt your rent point with that size unit, your expenses will ve less than depicted by the 50% rule, so let’s use a likely more accurate 40%1800 - 720 (expenses) - 1468 = negative $388/monthNow let’s imagine you self manage and you time is not worth anything (I strongly recommend believing your time is worth less or worth less than a quality PM would charge) with 8% further reduction so expenses are down to 32%1800 - 576 (expenses) - 1468 = negative $244/month. 

Normally done to create more losses.

Additionally, it provides investors with the opportunity to add a unit on a property they already own, simplifying management since the new unit is in the same location.Finding a vacant lot is both expensive and difficult, so the ability to build, subdivide, and create new development opportunities can make financing easier.

Suppose new companies do not establish operations in your investment city to create replacement jobs with similar pay.

Good post.We use a competent SEC attorney that creates all our docs and does the state filings. 

However, purchasing the replacement property from an estate where your mother-in-law is the executor and other heirs are your wife's aunts and cousins raises potential related-party concerns under Section 1031(f).The IRS generally prohibits 1031 exchanges between related parties unless both the buyer and seller hold their respective properties for at least two years after the exchange.To stay compliant and avoid disqualification, ensure:The estate sells the property directly before any distributions to heirs.You hold the replacement property for at least two years.The transaction is conducted at fair market value with no prearranged agreements.Given the IRS scrutiny of related-party 1031 exchanges, consult a qualified CPA or 1031 exchange accommodator to structure the deal properly and avoid potential capital gains tax liabilities.This post does not create a CPA-Client relationship.

There are a number of reasons Phoenix is a top market for fix-and-flip:*Population Growth– Phoenix is still seeing population growth which creates demand for housing and increases home prices.