This gives me a chance to add value up front. 3.

Thanks for the share @Neil NarayanAnd good point on considering other metrics like home value growth, price drops, etc @Ryan KellyFor anyone interested, here are some visualizations on these zipcodes

Estimates on the homes value are often completely wrong.  

It's what you paid, minus the value of the land, plus what you spent on long term repairs (roof, furnace, etc.

This will consist of finding a good deal that requires some work and is below market value, and making sure your contractor is accurate with the budget and executes the work as stated in the contract.

Whether you’re offering services, partnering on projects, or exploring your own investments, leverage your expertise to identify undervalued properties and add value.

If you’re using leverage, be extra cautious with your underwriting to ensure the deal still works at today’s rates.Economic Uncertainty: Inflation, potential recessions, or shifts in demand could affect rents, vacancy rates, and property values in some markets.Increased Operating Costs: Rising insurance premiums, property taxes, and maintenance costs can cut into profit margins, particularly for buy-and-hold investments.Regulatory Risks: Some areas are increasing restrictions on landlords, particularly short-term rentals.

Also what does the city say is the assessed value of the property on your taxes (it will be different than the appraised value, but should give you an idea).

Does adding a ADU create value in a property vs. the price of the adu build? 

paid cash from a 1031 Exchange How did you add value to the deal?