These expenditures were deductible before 2018 as miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the 2%, but not after 2018 because whole "miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the 2%" is out of the window. 

Monthly Insurance - 106 (google Insurance plus flood insurance)Other Expenses - 157 (taxes based on MLS)Variable Land Lord Expenses Vacancy (% of monthly rent)- 112.5 (5% of rent, Bigger Pockets recommendation)Repairs and Maintenance (% of monthly rent)- 112.5 (5% of rent)Capital Expenditures (% of monthly rent)- 182.75 (8% of rent)Management Fees (% of monthly rent)- 247.5 (11% of rent)Future Assumptions Annual Income Growth % - 1% (i just looked up Honolulu’s inflation rate)Annual Property Value Growth % - 5.59% ([CAUTION] https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/hi/kaneohe/real-estate [CAUTION])Annual Expenses Growth % - 1% (same inflation number)Sales Expenses %- 7% (bigger pockets estimate for a real estate agent’s sales expense % which included closing cost and price for a deep clean of the place prior to selling)

I am interested to hear from real-world investors on how much you budget for Capital Expenditures and Repairs into their single family, buy and hold rental properties.

Therefore, for us, we are looking to stay in an investment for 3-5 years and then we can sell our properties to the tenant buyer before capital expenditures start to come up.  

It's quantifying "ample reserves" that I'm trying to figure out.I stumbled upon Brandon's Blog Post recently that has been very helpful.https://www.biggerpockets.com/renewsblog/2015/10/13/real-estate-capex-estimate-capital-expenditures/  

Option 1: invest in multi family housing Pro- semi reliable income- cuts cost on my living expenditures -recession proof (can be argued)Cons- high cost start (for me at least)- first time managingOption 2: Buy land and try to negotiate a development deal Pro-huge reward -can be fast- after deal is done right, I'm hands offCon-very risky especially for intro-no expertise in this field -finding a great deal in hardOption 3: wholesalePro-great return-can be fast-not long term Con-hard to find good deals especially with a full time job -can be a nightmare project-no expertise Please correct me if I have messed up with any of my pros/cons.

Also some damage may not be able to covered by security deposit. 2. more roofs = more capital expenditure. replacing fixtures like roofs/windows etc. costs the same size house, regardless of price of the house3. less able to utilize leverage4. higher turn around with these tenants. if you are using a property manager, this also means more replacement fee for the tenants.One other thing to note is if you can find a home that can be rented for $2000 a month for $200K, why would anyone want to rent that from you?

And what about capital expenditure (cap ex), over time?

From what I have read, however, competition for MF is getting pretty heated, so I guess you'll have to check your local market.We started with SF and that was nice because we could kind of gauge the maintenance, repairs, and capex expenditures from the beginning. 

What are you going to do on an underwater subject-to home with big capital expenditures pop up?