This will help you get the most accurate estimates. 

Even more exciting, the total new-home sales for 2024 came in at an estimated 683,000.

On top of that, many policies have become more strict (especially in the last few years) with replacement cost language because replacement cost estimates did not keep up with inflation for a period of time AND/OR replacement costs on many older properties had skyrocketed so it made more sense to calculate replacement values with functionally equivalent rather than exact materials.

@Robert Gorra - I've had a similar experience where I've had a really hard time with getting GC's to even give me an estimate, and the few that have have been way overpriced (ie, they want me to put in $20k of cabinets in a budget flip) or have had their prices go up by about 40% and still not give me a firm price when I try to nail down the scope of work.

You will have to have a professional estimate done.

The fee for this is negotiable, but you can usually estimate about 1 month's rent for this service. 

How much rehab are you estimating?

Great point, there's also two different behaviors that can logically result from same estimates for future inflation: raise lending rates, OR buy hard assets.

Deduct NEW property taxes after you buyDeduct home insurance costsDeduct maintenance percentage, typically 10%Deduct vacancy+tenant nonperformance percentage(we recommend 5% for Class A, 10% Class B, 20% Class C, good luck with Class D)Deduct whatever dollar/percentage of cashflow you wantNow, what you have left over is the amount for debt service.Enter it into a mortgage calculator, with current interest rate for an investment property, to determine your maximum mortgage amount.Divide the mortgage amount by either 75% or 80%, depending on the required down payment percentage - this is your tentative price to offer.If the property needs repairs, you'll want to deduct 110%-120% of the estimated repairs from this amount.Be sure to also research the ARV and make sure it's 10-20% higher than your tentative purchase price.As long as the ARV checks out, this is the purchase price to offer.It is probably significantly below the asking price.

For me the area I was concerned with was estimating costs.