Rates are fluctuating some.

Then rinse and repeat the process until you are out of VA eligibility and refi the first property into a conventional mortgage.The key here is that you need to add that sweat equity to the properties, providing a cushion for market fluctuations and increasing the rental potential for each home.

Short-Term Commitment: You're involved in the property for a shorter duration (typically months to a year), which can mean less exposure to market fluctuations but requires intensive management during renovations.3.

In contrast, volatile markets experience significant price fluctuations due to economic sensitivity and high levels of speculation, leading to potential affordability issues and market corrections.

I know the market fluctuates and that can be a factor, but generally speaking.

The % that your other unit covers is a metric that fluctuates rather highly. 

But when we go ten years without a major hurricane event despite all the predictions that they would get worse . . . meh.Climate fluctuates by the minute, hour, day, week, month, season, year, decade, and century.  

How many active buyers/sellers is more of a short-term impact, just like interest rates and other things and leading to annual fluctuations.

The high vacancy rates in apartment properties in Memphis may be due to economic fluctuations and demographic shifts; however, they create a favorable environment for potential renters to find affordable housing and for rental owners to innovate and improve their offerings, ultimately contributing to a more dynamic and resilient housing market.

A common rule of thumb is to budget around 1-2% of the property's value annually for maintenance.Management Fees: If you plan to hire a property manager or use a property management service, factor in their fees as part of your operating costs.Contingency Fund: Always include a contingency fund in your budget to account for unexpected expenses or fluctuations in operating costs.Financial Modeling Tools: Consider using financial modeling tools or spreadsheets designed for real estate investment analysis.