Also, the fundamental analysis can be flawed, see Enron. 

For books, check out:The Little book that beats the marketRule #1That will teach you how to analyze stocks and give you some basic fundamentals.

Though, as the article says, there are "pockets of poverty" sprinkled in, and I don't see this "innovation district" changing the fundamental market dynamics.

I am currently going to school, seeking internship programs and reading books to help me learn the fundamentals and start getting a taste of real estate. 

First, make sure you understand the fundamentals of the deal.

One lesser-known benefit of using a HELOC is to consolidate debt.Using a HELOC on investment property will allow investors to tap into assets that have managed to build up equity.Leverage the equity in your property to increase its value, or fund more properties.The power of leverage is a fundamental of the physical world, but it’s just as strong in the fiscal.

Here's the fundamental question to me - why choose to willingly create a vacancy/turnover that is GUARANTEED to cost me money, when I could keep doing what I've been doing and potentially make a lot in the process?

Fundamentally the pay-off is lower and not worth the extra effort to do these types of loans. - Cash-out refi seasoning requirements will vary, from as low as 3 months to sometimes much higher, 6, 9, or even 12 months [so if you buy with cash and plan to refi, you should have the flexibility to have your capital tied up or a plan in place prior].- I advocate working with local lenders to the market you'll be buying/investing in, but in the long-run a relationship is going to be more important than the locality so working with someone who can lend in multiple states (or all 50!)

I understand the fundamental rules of wholesaling. 

@Eli Miles I would start by identifying 3-4 markets with solid multifamily fundamentals within a two hour driving/flying radius from your area.