I was reading the book "Real Estate by the numbers", the part on EV, and I was wondering on how to calculate the EV when I do not know the probabilities/percentages of each outcome happening, can you give me an example on EV with a rental unit please?

Some ideas would be to: Take a look at a market report for Pittsburgh and add a few percentage points to be conservative, Call around to multifamily brokers or property managers in the area and ask their vacancy rate, asks banks what their vacancy assumption is for underwriting, etc...

The point is that the percentage is so small that you do not have to be too concerned that you are going to lose your house just because you don't have insurance for a few weeks.

Property taxes are highest by percentage of any state.

Around what percentage annual net collections makes renting out worth it versus just selling and money market/interest. 

You can't have 2 cooks in a kitchen" per se.The best suggestion for a "partnership" would be where one gives the money, the other does all of the work.The one giving the money must know exactly how much percentage or profit he/she is getting and be 100% happy with it.The one doing the work honors the agreement no matter what.

If you do not want to do this, you can purchase a property, or a portion of a property, that the fund has already selected.You must spend money to improve the property. ( I think it is a percentage of the gain you had)  You must hold the property for 10 years.Then, winner winner Chicken Dinner. 

The income from these loans makes up about 10% of the partnership's gross income for 2023 (but will likely be a larger percentage in future years). 

Possibly as they also represent a large percentage of new builds.

Based on thepresumed percentages - I'd be liable for cap gains on $49K plus 43.5% of the total depreciation on the 30673 or 13342.75 @ 25% which is 3335.69, or a total of 7350 (@15%) plus $3335.69 or grand total of $10686 taxes.I need to keep reading this over to better understand it.