For DSCR loans, the rental income (actual or projected from the appraiser rent survey is used to structure the loan). I've seen LTVs / loan to values go up to 75%-80% cash out and 80% for purchase. If 80% LTV for cash out, 1.25 DSCR ratio is required for the program that offers that. Otherwise there are programs that offer a DSCR 1 ratio. Rates as of this posting date vary but are in the 6s and 7s (or possibly 8s if not a top tier credit score or a foreign national loan as considered a higher risk and will be reflected in the rate). This is without paying discount points or buying down the rate.
From programs I've seen, reserves are anywhere from 3-9 months and often the cash out can be used for reserves if a cash out refinance.
There are 30 year fixed rates or 40 year fixed terms with 10 years interest only before converting to a 30 year fixed. Investors will sometimes choose the second option / 40 year term because during the 10 year interest only period, the mortgage payments are lower compared to a 30 year fixed so more rent is going into the investor's pocket. It depends on the investor's goals. If the investor wants to pay off the property quickly, then this might not make sense but if an investor is looking for more of a cash return initially, this can makes sense. The 40 year term with the 10 year interest only period makes more sense for higher loan balances as that's where an investor can see $100s in savings in monthly mortgage payments.
More on DSCR loans in case helpful: DSCR loans won't use your income to underwrite the loan.
DSCR loans are based off of down payment, credit score and either actual or market rents so it helps to supercharge an investor's real estate goals and net worth.
Here's a bit more in detail about how rates are calculated for DSCR loans:
1. Credit score- the higher the best. 760-780+ generally gets best pricing for investment property loans with most lenders. From there every 20 point increment affect pricing differently. So for example, a 761 credit score will be in the 760-779 credit category, then going down to 740-759 and so on.
2. Loan to value ratio: The higher the loan to value ratio (LTV) is, pricing takes a hit. So your pricing will be higher for a 80% LTV loan than for a 60% LTV loan.
3. Prepayment penalties- usually 1-5 year terms. The shorter the prepayment term has an impact on increasing the rate.
4. Are you cash flowing the property? More on how that is calculated below. Is your DSCR ratio greater than 1-meaning are you cash flowing (according to the lender's criteria of mortgage, property taxes and insurance (and HOA) if applicable). Many lenders will not do a DSCR loan unless cash flowing. If they will do a loan with less than 1, the pricing takes a hit. This criteria is for 1-4 and 5-8 unit programs.
I've included an example below to help illustrate this.
So different lenders have different rates (which do vary even for DSCR loans) but these are factors they all consider.
See example below:
DSCR < 1
Principal + Interest = $1,700
Taxes = $350, Insurance = $100, Association Dues = $50
Total PITIA = $2200
Rent = $2000
DSCR = Rent/PITIA = 2000/2200 = 0.91
Since the DSCR is 0.91, we know the expenses are greater than the income of the property.
DSCR >1
Principal + Interest = $1,500
Taxes = $250, Insurance = $100, Association Dues = $25
Total PITIA = $1875 Rent = $2300
DSCR = Rent/PITIA = 2300/1875 = 1.23
If a purchase, you also generally need reserves / savings to show you have 3-6 month payments of PITIA (principal / interest (mortgage payment), property taxes and insurance and HOA (if applicable). If a cash out refinance, many lenders will allow the cash out to satisfy the reserves requirement.
DSCR lenders generally let you vest either individually or as an LLC. It's a great way to increase your net worth and these loans can also be used to pull cash out of a property as it appreciates allowing you to reinvest money into new deals.
Happy to connect to discuss further.