Hi Chris,
That's a great question! To be honest, to really have an excellent level of understanding of the environment you are investing it is in your best interest to conduct analysis at all those levels you mentioned (state, city, neighbourhood). Having that knowledge can allow you to react quickly to changes especially in hot markets and allows you to capitalize more on deals that others wouldn't because you have all of that information. The most important thing though is to become an expert in your particular city/neighbourhood as real estate is very local (don't get too caught up in national averages). There are many variables to consider in this evaluation process and in addition to the things that you listed to look for (crime rate, neighbourhood appearance) here are a few more variables I would consider when assessing the an area:
- Proximity to amenities (grocery stores, fitness centres)
- Distance to public transit (ie. terminals and bus stops) and other transportation improvements
- Whether the neighbourhood as a whole is in transition to increase or decrease in quality
- Building of new infrastructure
- Moving in of a major employer
One other tidbit of advice I heard recently which I thought was great is to follow the big box stores (ie. walmart). Reason being, is for one thing they are job creators but even more than that, they sift through incredible amounts of data before they make the decision to place a store at a given location and so you can probably be sure that where those major players are headed, people and real estate demand is likely to follow.