Hey Austin!
I'm also currently looking for a value-add house hack in Jacksonville. You mentioned school so I assume you're looking in the area near UNF? Send me a dm if you're interested in connecting, I'm always up to meet and talk with other investors.
These are my thoughts:
1.) My initial plan was to look for a small MFH (duplex, triplex) or a SFH with a large detached garage that could be converted to an ADU.
2.) But after speaking with others I'm starting to think that the ADU conversion may be more trouble than it's worth. On paper the idea seems perfect, but here are some potential issues.
-The newly converted ADU may not be able to be permitted (or a permit won't be approved before the rehab starts).
-Unless the garage already has electric and water connections, that's an important and expensive item in the SOW. Similarly, it's almost guaranteed not to have a sewer connection which would need to be added as well.
-Those utilities will be connected to the main residence unless you get new separate meters permitted and added.
-Depending on the property and ADU, after you move out it may be difficult to rent the two units separately. One example, if the main residence is a 4/2 then your tenant avatar is going to be a family. A family with young children is unlikely to be comfortable having a stranger living in their backyard.
3.) Agents and lenders I've spoken with have mentioned the possibility of a 203K loan, but my understanding is that they are a huge PITA and slow.
My plan, depending on the condition of the property, will be either a conventional 5% down loan or a fix-and-flip loan. In both scenarios, I will use the equity in my first rental via HELOC to either cover the conventional loan's down payment and fund the rehab or to fund the hard money down payment and meet the reserve capital requirements. Then refinance afterward.
4.) I really think permitting will control the possibilities for ADU conversions. But I could definitely see myself living in a 400sf converted detached garage for a year.
But again those are just my thoughts and any advice from experienced investors will likely help us both to figure things out. Hopefully, someone who has gone through the ADU conversion and permitting process will see this post and share their experience.