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All Forum Posts by: Erik W.

Erik W. has started 10 posts and replied 1041 times.

Post: 👋 Buy in any market cycle

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

I can agree 100% with these two:

2. Underwrite with realistic projections.
3. Only buy stable, cash flowing deals.

#4 sounds good, but now we have to define "smart debt terms" and that will depend on the deal. Short-term flip? Doesn't matter if it's short-term debt. A 1 year balloon is no biggie if you're selling in 4-6 months. Long-term hold? Better lock in your rate for as long as you can.

#1 Needs a caveat... high growth markets also tend to be highly volatile. While no one can predict future values, it's fair to say that at some point the market will be overheated. What are the signs to look for? Attend local REI meetups to find out what other local investors are doing. If they start selling en mass... probably an indication that a downturn is eminent and you don't want to be buying in at the top. Also good to have a contact at several of the busiest local title companies, as they can keep you posted on the volume of transactions and pricing trends. The other thing to watch is wages compared to prices. If price gains have outstripped wage gains by a wide margin (> 8%) for 36 months straight, you maybe can still proceed... but with caution. Know who is buying: out of town/state buyers flush with cash; investment pools; etc. If the area is getting flooded with cash from our of towner investors, chances are they aren't going full due diligence and are just parking money. They may or may not need the same returns local investors do who eat off their rents.

Good stuff overall!

Post: on't have to buy a 400-unit for your first deal

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

Thank you for this. I see far too many newbies here ready to go start syndicating and buying 100s of units.... and they've never even met a tenant other than their neighbors. Sure, a few have gone out and killed it on the very first deal, but that is the exception, not the norm. Good advice comes from the norm. That's why they call them "Best" practices, not "Imma SLAY IT on my First Deal" practices.

I started with one dinky little Class C house in a so-so hood in 2005. Still own it to this day. Did I slay with it? Nope, and I never would have gotten someone to do a podcast for me. But... I'm still here in 2024. Lots of the "go big or go home" folks are not here because they went big, lost their shirts, then had to go home. You never hear about the failures, except maybe in the divorce decree filings because they forgot about their spouse and bankrupted their family trying to sprint before they learned to walk.

Post: Looking for some guidance on scaling your portfolio

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

A few thoughts on this:

1) Why are you scaling your portfolio? Could you achieve the same results by scaling your PROFITS with existing units? What I mean is are you sure you're getting the most bang for your buck with what you already have? Multi-fam is a great place to make small changes that add up. Find a way to increase income by $20 per unit per month with 20 units, and all of a sudden you're making the same added profits as if you purchased 2-3 more units. 

2) What is the length and depth of your track record (how long have you been at it, how many units do you have)? This will be important in #4 below...

3) Keep in mind: traditional lenders like borrowers W-2 wages. I know you hate the corporate grind, but it opens a LOT of doors to getting bank financing. Sometimes we do what we have to do so we have access to the means to do what we like to do.

4) What relationships do you have with private money? If you don't have any yet, this is an option that may work out provided #2 is excellent and #3 doesn't work out. Usually if the deals are truly good, you'll have plenty of private money looking for a home. If you don't find the private money, odds are the deals are mediocre at best. You track record from #2 may help with this.

5) I offer this cautionary thought regarding the BRRRR method touted here and on many other sites. While it can help you grow, it's a double edged sword because you're always taking equity out to fund the next deal. If you're not careful (and sometimes even when you ARE careful!), this can quickly snowball out of control if vacancies start to rise and/or you have to refinance when rates are higher. You can't eat equity, and equity doesn't pay mortgages.

6) I find when the deals are scarce, the best thing to do is build up cash reserves to weather the downturns. There's always an economic cycle to deal with, and we need to be prepared to face all circumstances: growth and decline. No one wants to talk about decline because it's not sexy and doesn't sell books/courses/"mentorships. But it's very real. I've been in the biz since 2005, so I've seen two periods of growth and decline. A person who has a pile of cash when things slow down lives to invest during at the start of the next upswing.

Good luck!

Post: Finding the Right Market

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

As old truism says, "Dig for diamonds in your own back yard."

What the heck does that mean?

It means you know the area you're already in. It's tough to really know a market well. I live in a metro area of about 250,000 comprising one main town (165,000 pop) and six smaller satellite towns. I don't even know all of them that well, and I've been here since 1996!

I know certain parts of each town, but knowing "the market?" I'd say anyone who claims to "know the market" is a liar or a boastful goof who will get taken down a notch during the next major downturn.

Markets change constantly. That's why a B neighborhood of 300 or so houses might be great today, but in 3-5 years it might have turned into a quasi-C area. It depends on many factors: employment, broader US economy, migration trends, city revitalization initiatives, economic diversity of the area, etc. Too many factors to keep track of all the time for all the neighborhoods. What you need to do is specialize is several specific areas, and odds are those types of areas exist where you live today.

This is why, in my view, every investor should begin where they are and learn using an area you already know fairly well. Don't run 1,000 miles away thinking the magic is "over there" when there are opportunities right under your nose. Yes, yes.... we've all seen the videos where someone lit out for the horizon, bought 200 doors in 3 years, and now they have a podcast. Whoop dee do. I've been in the biz since 2005, and I only have 54 doors. I went slowly, methodically, and haven't lost one penny. Made quite a few pennies. And... I'm STILL HERE. What happened to all the podcasters? After you've been in the biz for awhile, you realize they come and go. Like the tide rolling in and out. Some survive. Many don't. You only hear podcasts from the ones who survive. The rest go bankrupt, get divorced, and end up asking "would you like fries with that?"

Real estate is the real deal, but there's a lot to it. My advice? Start slow. Learn. Make mistakes that don't cost an arm and a leg and DQ you from the game for years. Where to start? 1-4 units is a great place. Unless you have tons of experience already with corporate management (or military command), it's going to take time to learn how to understand and manage the PEOPLE who are your tenants. Ah-hah! And oft overlooked part of this game: people. Your TENANTS are the ones who make you rich, not your properties. Door count is meaningless if you don't have PAYING TENANTS.

How do you get paying tenants? You learn to screen. Then you screw up and learn how to screen better. Repeat that x10. There's always a few who slip past or go bad after they move in.

Understanding people will make you richer more consistently and safely than hitting the next big trend, unless you're just insanely lucky.

I've said more than enough. Good luck starting out. We were all there once: bright-eyed and excited to do that first deal. Some of us are still around... perhaps with a few bruises, but knowing that real estate investing is the best way for the average person to build wealth.

Post: Investing in student housing...good idea? If so, where and what criteria to use?!

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

I've never done student housing on the landlord site, but I did live in a house with 7 bedrooms and an apartment out back that used to be the detached garage.

Overall, a positive experience, but here are a few things to consider:

1) You want everyone signed "jointly and severally liable" for the rent. Meaning that if the rent is $2000 and there are 5 students, then even if one of them leaves the rent is still $2000, and the four remaining students need to find someone else if they don't want to cover the missing roommate. You're not going to go chasing rent from 5 different people. I'd also demand co-signers (parents, most likely), in case things go south you'll have someone with money who is collectible.

2) There must be a plan for common area upkeep - kitchen and bathrooms get dirty fast.

3) Competition around schools where I'm at is stiff. So is demand. That means these properties can cost 2-3x what comparably sized home further away run.

4) Find out what your state's laws are on collecting rent in advance. A lot of students get their grants, scholarships, or loan money in a lump sum at the start of the semester, so if you can get them to pay you a semester in advance that works out nicely.

5) My rule for security deposit is nothing gets refunded until everyone moves out. 

6) I would set rules about "quiet hours" and guests. You don't want to end up becoming the party house. I saw plenty of those when I was in school, and it wasn't a pretty sight.

7) Pick on person to be your primary contact so if you need to communicate everyone that one person gets the word out. For example, if the bathroom is having a problem you might need to shut it down for several hours while repairs are made.

Good luck!

Post: Multi Famliy Syndication?

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

Have you flushed a $100 bill down the toilet yet? I'm slightly kidding, but not much... An old RE mentor of mine said, "You aren't ready to invest in rental property until you can flush a $100 bill down the toilet without thinking about it." That was 18 years ago. Inflation being what it is, that's probably $500 now, and of course that will clog the toilet, which means you'll have to call a plumber and pay him $300 to clear the line for you... All of which is a normal day in the world of real estate investing.

If you're going to do syndication, multiply that amount of $ "flushed" x 10.

I'm not here but bust your bubble: you seem like a spirited young man ready to make your way in the world, and that's good. We need guy and gals like you who are spitfires and ready to take on the world. But I'm also a realist. Syndicate is hard. Really hard. And sometimes you screw it up.  Doing it right is even harder. There are reasons why people get paid $200,000 to put together a syndication, maybe 1 person in 50,000 is really good enough at all the moving pieces and parts to make it happen.

Full disclosure: I have not syndicated a deal myself, but I do my own deals with private money, and I also have two other guys with whom I regularly collaborate who do syndicate and who have solicited my funding in the past. I will tell you this: they lost $35,000 of their own money on their first deal when it didn't pan out and the investors pulled funding due to things that weren't really the syndicators' fault. Bad timing, a dishonest seller, and some twists of legal hurdles that we thought could be overcome turned out worse than expected. Ran out of time and opportunity to close the deal, and the money partners scattered, as was their right under the syndication. Money spent was money lost.

It's not a business for the meek or for the broke. Syndications involve millions of dollars, and no one will want to back you if you aren't willing to back your own project. That means throwing your own money into the deal. On a smaller project (<= $5 million) I can't imagine investing in any syndication unless the syndicator(s) themselves were willing to contribute at least a 5% stake. Anything less tells me they don't believe enough in the project and/or don't have enough experience to do a deal. On a larger project, you might get away with only 1%, but now were talking 10s of millions of $.

Let's say your "smaller" project is $5 million. Something like a nice little 60 unit apartment complex. That means you as the syndicator would probably need $250,000 in the deal-minimum-to inspire confidence in your investors.

Now if you don't have that money yet don't give up. First, I suggest helping out an experienced syndicator on a few deals and get paid in knowledge and experience mostly. Meanwhile, sell 40 houses, live like a starving agent, and save up your cash stake for the future deal.

How will you convince an experience syndicator to let you do grunt work on their deal? Lunch/dinner is a place to start. You may have to make your pitch to 10-20 folks before finding  someone willing to give you a shot. Remember how we talked about flushing $100 bills? Here's your chance to see if you're prepared to spend money without any guarantee of making any.

Meanwhile, there are books to read and YTs to watch and podcasts to listen too, but most are going to be heavy on high-level and hype and low on nitty gritty, daily details. Raising Private Capital by Matt Faircloth is a good starter for how to raise money, and it works for small deals too, so even if you don't end up syndicating, you can at least start doing some smaller deals on your own. Good luck!


Post: Multi-Family Deal Analyzer

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

There are free tools online everywhere, but basically you want to do the following:
Gross Potential Income
Less Vacancy
= Gross Income

Subtract the following expenses:
Real Estate Taxes
Hazard Insurance
Liability Insurance
Maintenance (yes, even if you plan to DIY)
Supplies
Property Management (yes, even if you plan to DIY)
Utilities
Lawncare/Snow removal
Legal Costs (evictions, LLC formation/maintenance)
Bad Debt (non-paying residents)
City Occupancy Licenses
Payment processing fees (for debit/credit cards)

This will get your Net Operating Income.

Then subtract debt service. 
1st mortgage
2nd mortgage (if applies)
Line of Credit (if applies)

This leaves you your free cash flow. That's what you get to keep in your pocket... pre-tax. Fortunately, it is going to be rental income which the IRS considers "passive", so it gets taxed at a different rate. It also doesn't have Social Security or Medicare taken out of it like W-2 income.

Now that's not the only thing to consider. There's also tax savings from depreciation, loan amortization (i.e. paying off the loan principle), and appreciation in the value of the asset.  Those vary widely, so you just have to crunch the numbers when the time comes.

I have spreadsheets I've created myself to do all this for me by just plugging in numbers. No one's situation is going to be the same though. I've just given you a basic road map.

Post: What happens if you can't participate in a capital call?

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

@Asa Hunt, Understood. All of us get sideswiped by the unexpected from time to time. Job losses happen, and so do major life events like births, deaths, etc. 

The part I don't get is why you weren't aware of the risks / consequences of failing a capital call: that should have been researched and understood before jumping into this adventure. This stinks for sure. We've all "been there, done that", so let the pain of this encourage you next time to read the documents and consult professional advice to help clarify any confusing obligations before jumping into the next deal. In a deal like this, I'd want to know my maximum possible exposure and loss potential. Have that spelled out in the documents. If the deal provider can't do that, it's a crap deal. Don't touch it. Unlimited loss is never acceptable. This is why I never short stocks, because theoretically the loss is limitless.

On the bright side: congrats on the new kiddo coming into the family! Kids are the best, and we can use our mistakes / life experiences to help train them to avoid the pitfalls we crash into along the way. Good luck, and buy some strong coffee!

Post: Newbie Looking for REI's Advice on House Hacking in Current Market

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

House hacking (aka, what people in my Generation used to call "finding roommates") is a fairly simple strategy overall: you're basically going to try to buy a 1 - 4 units property using a low down payment, get the best possible interest rate as an owner occupant, spreading the payment out as long as possible -- usually 30 years, and making enough money on rent to partially or completely take care of all expenses to maintain the property and pay the debt service. Pretty straight forward. We used to do that in college: rent a house with 4 bedrooms for $1000/month, then find 3 roomies to rent 3 of the 4 bedrooms to for $335/month and everyone kicks in 25% for utilities. The landlord did all the repairs, and the rents from the roomies covered our rent of $1000. Essentially, we lived for free, so long as the roomies paid... on time!

That's the trick. Let's say you have a 4-plex. You're "roomies" will be other folks like you, but they probably won't be as financially stable as you since they're only able to rent instead of purchase. So you will need to learn to properly screen tenants. Landlording is 80% people business, 20% property business. Yes, you need to buy a good property in a good location for a good price, but once that's done the property pretty well takes care of itself. It's the tenants you select that will determine if the property does well or not: they're the ones who won't pay the rent in full, or on time. They're the one's whose dogs will pee on the carpets. They're the ones who punch holes in walls and door. They're the ones who have all-night parties whooping it up while you're trying to sleep. Ultimately, if you decide to evict them, they're going to be the ones making your life miserable because you live right next door, and they'll be pissed at your for expecting them to hold up their end of the deal.

I say it again: Landlording is 80% people; only 20% property. And sadly, people don't analyze on a calculator or spreadsheet too well. I suggest the following for ALL occupants age 18 year and up:

1) credit check 

2) background check

3) at least one past landlord reference; if no references, double the security deposit; double check that the reference is actually a property owner, not Uncle Larry posing as a landlord

4) employment and income must be verified and from a source you can levy/garnishee if they don't pay; my rules is the income must be MINIMUM 3x the rent, but if they have high expenses showing on the credit report, sometimes even that's not enough

Finally, go check what their current living situation looks like. I call this the "2 minute in home inspection." Good applicants will be pleased to welcome you to their home and show it off with pride. Bad applicants will act nervous or refuse, claiming that you're being "weird". Nope, you're being smart. If they refuse this step or if their place is a disaster, decline them. If they live out of town or if you're personally not able to do the inspection, then hire a starving brand new REALTOR in their area to go by for a $50 Venmo/Paypal. Give him a checklist of things to look for: Clean or Not Clean; Pets? What kind? How many? How does the yard look: neat or cluttered and overgrown? Stuff like that. Your unit will LOOK, SMELL, and SOUND like that unit within a few days of them moving in. Do NOT skip this step! It has saved me tens of thousands of dollars over the year by avoiding hoarders, people with 5 pit bulls, house-beaters, etc. Find a way to get it done: no excuses.

Anyway, that's enough for now. Plenty more to learn, but if you just remember to screen the people 5 x harder than the property, you should do well!

Post: What happens if you can't participate in a capital call?

Erik W.Posted
  • Real Estate Investor
  • Springfield, MO
  • Posts 1,072
  • Votes 2,580

It kind of scares me for a person who goes into a deal like this without understanding that this could happen or being prepared with resources when things do not work out as projected. It's sort of like a homeowner who signs up for a mortgage, then loses his job and asks, "What could happen to me if I don't pay my mortgage?" The Mortgage or Deed of Trust tells you: the lender will foreclose if you don't get current. Meanwhile, late fees and legal fees will be added on, making a bad situation even worse, until eventually it spirals totally out of control and the homeowner is forced out and loses much, if not all of their equity and may owe a deficit balance even after the property is liquidated.

As you said, you're in default. It usually means you're going to lose a significant amount of money. I haven't read your LP operating agreement says, but it might say the amount of the capital call will be deducted from your original investment amount. So let's say you had $100,000 invested. If the call is for $50,000, your "share" would to drop to $50,000 for all future payouts. If there are others in your group who likewise cannot meet the call requirement, then the project may go under and you may lose most, if not all of your investment. If the other partners are able to salvage the investment and make it profitable again, your share of distributions will be less as a result because you weren't in with the people who did the heavy lifting of providing the required capital when the project was in trouble.

Not trying to beat you up too hard, but next time be sure to understand the requirements of the deal you're getting into and have the cash reserves to participate before signing up ... or don't participate. I do hope it works out in the end.