Totally agree with @Emily And Eric Erickson "no wrong answers, just bad fits" and absolutely echo what many others have been saying about weighing your options, considering pros and cons, and ultimately deciding what makes the most sense for you personally based on YOUR preferences and risk tolerance, which are going to be 100% unique to you. Here are some things to consider...
@Travis Walker when you say "I don't want to get in over my head" - you're smart to be cautious! No matter how much reading, research, preparation, etc you do, there's always going to be something that comes up that you couldn't plan for, but that's the nature of investing - there's always a level of risk associated with it no matter how much you due diligence you do. That being said, the best thing you can do is educate yourself about your options and do exactly what you're doing now by trying to learn from others' expertise. Have you considered maybe partnering with someone else who already has some investing experience to lower your risk by leveraging their knowledge and wisdom for your first investment?
Or like @Matt Pursley said - maybe look into investing passively in a couple syndications - that'll get you access to learn from the syndicators how they identify markets, underwrite deals, work with property management, and more. You might decide you only want to passively invest as a limited partner, or maybe you'll use your learnings to become a general partner yourself one day. If you think you may want to be a GP, you should make sure you invest with someone who will be accessible to answer you questions so you can have the best learning experience.
If you use your $100K to invest in two syndication deals that have $50K minimums, versus only using the $100K to invest in one property you are diversifying your real estate investments right off the bat, which is a major plus.
You **could** find larger return potentials if you buy a property that needs work and BRRRR it versus passively investing in a syndication, but taking on a major renovation project as your first investment project is riskier in my opinion than some of the other options discussed...higher risk higher reward is a saying for a reason :)
If you decide you'd rather buy a property personally, I would consider learning towards a long term multifamily rental over a single family or short term rental as your first investment because that helps diversify a bit (multiple units v one), and with STR you will be dealing with more frequent turnovers and furnishing the property, which can require more work unless you hire a PM to handle it like some others mentioned. Rental prices for STRs are generally higher, so potential returns could be higher, but it depends on whether you prefer the opportunity for higher returns or lower risk. Vacancy in a SFH will hurt a lot more than one vacancy in a multifamily property - if you have a duplex and at least if 1 of the two apartments is rented, some or all of your expenses will be covered, but if your single family home is vacant you have to cover all the expenses.
There are merits to all of these options, but deciding which one makes the most sense for you right now is ultimately up to you. Good luck on getting your real estate investing journey started - so exciting!!