Bonus Depreciation vs Reclassification

[Julio Gonzalez]

Cost segregation is a popular tax deferral strategy and there is often confusion as to the difference between bonus depreciation and reclassification.

Bonus Depreciation

Bonus depreciation is a tax incentive that allows a business to immediately deduct a large percentage of the purchase price of eligible assets, such as washers and dryers, rather than write them off over the "useful life" of that asset. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 allows businesses to write off 60% (in 2024) of the cost of qualifying property in the year that it is placed into service. This can lead to significant tax write-offs.

However, bonus depreciation is currently being phased out. The bonus depreciation is based upon the year the property is placed into service. Bonus depreciation is 100% for 2022, 80% for 2023, 60% for 2024, 40% for 2025, 20% for 2026 and is completely phased out in 2027. Regardless of the bonus depreciation phase out, it continues to be a favorable strategy that creates significant tax savings.

Reclassification

During a cost segregation study, the real property is reclassified into new categories of personal property based on its useful life. This can have a very beneficial impact as personal property typically has a much shorter useful life for depreciation purposes than real property.

For example, if you are getting a cost segregation study performed on a commercial office building, there will most likely be assets that have been classified as part of the building but are able to be reclassified to real property and depreciation over a shorter useful life such as 5,7 or 15 years rather than 39 years. This significantly accelerates the depreciation schedule leading to larger deductions in the beginning years of the assets, reducing your taxable income and increasing your cash flow.