Explain HELOC vs Home Equity loan to me

[Christian Friend]

Hey all, got a question about HELOC vs home equity loans.

Lets say I want to buy and investment property that is $30,000. (For this lets assume it will cash flow, etc) The down payment for this property lets say is $6,000.

Lets say I own a home worth ~475,000 and I owe ~445,000 on the mortgage. Would I be able to borrow against my current home to fund the $6k down payment? 

Lets say it was determined the property need $10,000 in repairs for a total of $40,000. If I didn't have or didn't want to spend the cash, could I borrow $8k against my house? Would a seller consider that a down payment?

Finally, what is the difference between a HELOC and the home equity loan? I am having trouble sorting that out.