That includes light fixtures, mirrors, windows, etc. 

She is very opinionated on most everything we do such as landscaping, using our fire pit, feeding animals, politics, etc.. 

And make sure to account for the following expenses:1) Mortgage2) Mortgage insurance (PMI or MIP) or FHA Risk base3) Property Taxes4) City Taxes5) HOA (Home Owner’s Association) Dues and Fees and Assessments6) Insurance   a) Property Hazard Insurance (0.3-0.45%)   b) Flood Insurance   c) Earthquake Insurance   d) Umbrella Insurance7) Vacancy Rate (usually 8% - the equivalent to one month a year, or 5-6% if multifamily and/or if experienced, if not use 8%)8) Utilities (you’ll have these if your tenant is not covering them and/or during vacancy)   a) Water § Sewer § Garbage   b) Electricity   c) Natural Gas   d) Propane9) General Maintenance (usually 5%)   a) Upkeep § Landscaping   b) Snow removal   c) Repairs   d) New Appliances   e) Make ready10) Capital Expenditures (usually 5%, higher is the property is old and obsolete, less if fully rehabbed and all mechanicals and roof are new)11) Property Management (8%, even if you self manage, your time still has value and there might be a time when you'll want to be completely hands off or you'll not be able to do it, vacation, retirement, etc.), including...  

@Russell Brazil While I haven’t figured out the growth percentage in my area, I can tell you that my town of Bayonne, NJ (where I plan to invest) is 12 miles away from New York City, there are 3 light rail stations, we have a Walmart, we have a new Costco opening this Spring and there are numerous new high end condominium complexes being built around town.

Also put in some nice recessed interior lighting as well as exterior lighting, both a security and cosmetic improvement.New fence (there was nothing previously)Screen Shot 2017-12-15 at 6.50.20 AMMy new secure, patio sliding door - an earlier security weak pointScreen Shot 2017-12-15 at 6.50.05 AMThe plus side (if there was such a thing) to Harvey is that I was able to get the other two bedrooms rented out as coworkers had become homeless (their apartments had flooded).

We painted the interior, added backsplash in kitchen, laminate floor in BR's, changed some light fixtures, and faucets.Contractor solved the surface water that plagued the foundation- added french drains, graded exterior, replaced the rotted gutter system, and new vapor barrier to crawl space.

“The effective premium that tenants pay through late fees is a systematic penalty that the lightly regulated rental market inflicts on those who are economically fragile, not dissimilar from the interest rate penalties that subprime lenders inflict on those with previous credit challenges.”I love this.

Example can lights or a remodeled bathroom.The issue is the house was remodeled like 5 years ago by a flipper and possibly has been remodeled several times.

So they set all of the gold cars they saw in the parking lot on fire.No caption necessary for this toilet from hell.This is what a kitchen can look like when a low income tenant moves out of it.This is what a backyard can look like when a low income tenant moves out of it.If tenants in these tough neighborhoods don't have yards, don't worry they will light off their fourth of July fireworks in their bathrooms.Don't worry though.

From the outside it’s not in bad shape, trim mold needs to be replaced, landscaping and siding need to be updated.