@Don SpaffordThis IRS link should answer your estate tax return question:https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/deceased-taxpayers-filing-the-estate-income-tax-return-form-1041As to the step-up basis, it happens at the moment of inheritance, regardless of what happens later.

Palo Alto High School teachers are no better educated than those from low income neighborhoods.It is really distance and convenience to major employers that dictates home price.

There are other considerations like grouping activities and self employment taxes, so like the others have said, call a CPA.

Alternatively, can you find a cosigner to help you make it work while you're establishing yourself and making the move from "unemployed" to "self-employed"?

One of the benefits of rental income is that it is considered to be "passive," thus not subject to self-employment tax.

Would you plan to stay employed with the Post Office in Atlanta?

They will need income statements, employers information, and tax paperwork etc. 

When you pay rent you received to your parents it will be considered their self employment and subject to 15.3% self employment tax before it is taxed as income and the income tax is calculated.

I would like more specifics about the 3-5 key factors one should focus on (ie population trends, area employers, crime, legal/landlord friendliness) AND what are good values for those factors.

Student loans accompanied by tuition reimbursement from my employer.