Your question is should you pay cash or get a mortgage.The investment calculators will say you will have a higher return on investment using as little of your own money as possible.Depending on your goals, like if you want to buy more rentals, this may be a wise strategy to put as little down as possible.However, if you are strictly looking to maximize your cashflow, having a paid off house is great.Honestly, I have a bit of both but like having the house paid off.

Property owners get an annual update on their SEV & Taxable Values with their city property tax bill, typically sent in December.So now, the city assessor tracks the SEV, but homeowners are taxed based upon the capped Taxable Value.

Property Age and Condition: Older properties may require a more significant reserve due to higher maintenance needs, while newer ones may allow you to taper off sooner.Understand your portfolio: I look at my portfolio as a whole and calculate a number I am comfortable with.

Commercial value is frequently (but not always) calculated by income.  

Here’s the quick-and-dirty lowdown to get you started:1️⃣ Where to Look:LoopNet & Crexi: Good for commercial deals, though the best ones go fast.MLS (Multiple Listing Service): Access through a realtor for hidden gems.Auction Sites: Think Auction.com or HUD homes for distressed properties.Direct Mail Campaigns: Target landlords with older properties (especially those with code violations).2️⃣ Systems for Finding Deals (Step-by-Step):Set Your Criteria: Market, budget, unit count, rehab level.Build a Deal Funnel: Use LoopNet, Crexi, wholesalers, auctions, and brokers.Analyze Quickly: Use a property calculator to see if it cash flows.Direct Outreach: Contact sellers or property managers directly.Get Your Network Tight: Property managers, realtors, contractors—they’ll drop the best leads.3️⃣ What Makes a Good Deal:Cash Flow Positive from Day 1.Below Market Value (usually needs rehab).Upside Potential: Think rent increases, better management, or refinancing options.4️⃣ How to Become the Better/Best:Study the Market Like a Hawk.

Yes, you can generally use suspended PALs from other properties to offset gains when you fully dispose of a property in a taxable transaction.

NCREIF began calculating the NFI-ODCE in2006 with data back to 1977.

This is an expectations issue, not a calculation one.With that said, you need to be looking at properties where you can add units and/or bedrooms.

@Saad D.It's not dead, but it also doesn't calculate the MASSIVE elephant in the room....EXPENSES. 

Look into out-of-state markets for better affordability and ROI opportunities.Success requires risk, but calculated risks with proper preparation can lead to life-changing rewards.