I ask because, I think you'll have a tough time realizing any efficiencies of scale here.

Architects should know the local standards.The most efficient way is hire architects, or expeditors who are architects, some years back, I pay them $150.00 to do a walk through.

As you scale you learn to identify talent and efficiency.

I realize that in NYC, people squeeze into small places so this next comment might not ring as true: I would avoid a multi-unit that has 3 1BRs and 3 efficiencies.

They're more apt to rent spaces with the most efficiency and location rather than large units that are further away fro city center.

You spend  a lot of energy explaining everything to them and they definitely get it. and they are definitely going to do this. 2 weeks later they call you up, knowing you have money and ask you to loan them 300 bucks to make ends meet.

Is it a huge, expensive undertaking to try to put a small kitchen in each unit or is there a way to do it efficiently?

That's not going to change your life so why put energy into it?

My goals - livable income from property within 5 years, efficient velocity of capital (reuse money through refinancing etc), learn as much as I can, have fun, more time with family.

I just downsized my vehicle to a gas efficient (paid off car) and I am looking to rent out units and have a roommate to pay most of if not all housing costs.Any advice will be greatly appreciated!