Some lenders are okay with Foreign National STRs but the rates and terms may not be as attractive. 

The rentals are paying the holding costs on it so far (taxes and insurance are high in this market).

Looking for long-term conventional refinance (potentially cash-out) for a SFH.

My non-laywer advice is to get that thing refinanced and read the mortgage docs before you close and abide by the terms of the contract.

Bottom line is you can rent out on a short term basis and you don't get into a legally binding agreement during the first year where you lose the ability to occupy the property when you so choose.2. 

I envision offering the full gambit of stay options: short, medium, and long term rentals.

My question is would you guys rather sell stocks and take a long term cap gains at 15% tax rate, or take a loan and keep the stocks growing.

Who holds that deed until it is filed? 

It Depends.Potentially capital investments in the properties could have accelerated depreciation benefits (carpet, LVT, trim, appliances), while also allowing you to drive higher rents, thus saving on some taxes in the short run while driving increased values. 

Since someone is breaking a contract, you actually don't have to let them out of it, and you can hold them financially responsible for the rent until you find a replacement tenant.