What about maintenance, vacancy, utilities not paid by tenant (sewer + water), administrative expenses, etc?

The woman held the property for a full 2 years, paying insurance, utilities (including heat), taxes all the while.

I tell my investors right up front that minimum mark up on COGS is 1.5 - 1.67 for a complicated custom project.

My company offers short video clips "ez-clips" created using the customer's digital photos for marketing real estate.

Utilizing private funding and/or partners with credit can get you into the business very easily with the right plan.

I have created a Discounted Cash Flow model on excel that utilizes sensitivity analysis, NPV, Profitability Index and other performance ratios so that you can analyze 15 different types of property or property under 15 different economic scenarios.

I found Propertyware incredibly easy to use and the customer support is extremely helpful.

Total Population within local city of $12,000 each unit has individual meters but for some reason previous owner changed units to master hence owner pays for all utilities.

One of the new provisions states that they may "require manditory inspections, and providing city with back permits, rental history, Certs of Occupancy, and payment of past due capitol expansion and utility fees, SALES AND USE TAXES."

Nevertheless, make your offer based on actual rents.In addition to the items you mention, you'll need to account for vacancies, management expenses, advertising, utilities in vacant units, evictions, legal fees, tenant damage, make ready costs between tenants, etc...