Capacity and Tolerance. 1) Capacity: how many people can you comfortably fit in the property, is there room to add more, or add more value to the tenants to increase rent.2) Tolerance: How many people are you comfortable living with, if there are vacancies are you able to handle that.House hacking is an amazing path to homeownership, and a nice low barrier to entry into self managing your properties.

Here's the deal:Purchase Price (PP): $95kRenovation Budget (via HML): $60kTotal All-In Cost: $155kARV (After Repair Value): Around $200kRefinance (via DSCR Loan): 7% interest, 30-year fixedRefinance Details:After the refi, I will pay back the Hard Money Loan (HML) at 11.95% with 3 points:HML: $60,000Interest/fees: $3,585Other costs: $1,800Total to pay back HML: $65,385After the refi, I will have $84,615 left in cash.Cash Flow & Expenses:Expected Rent Income: $1,700/monthProperty Management (PM): $126/monthInsurance: $100/monthTaxes: $126/monthMortgage: $1,043.75/monthTotal Expenses: $1,395.75/monthSo my monthly cash flow is about:$1,700 - $1,395.75 = $304.25/month in cash flow.Return on Investment:Cash Invested After Refi: About $18,385 (after paying off HML and closing costs).Annual Cash Flow: $304.25 * 12 = $3,651Cash-on-Cash Return (CoC): $3,651 / $18,385 = 19.8%I didn’t account for maintenance costs since it’s a full gut rehab, and everything is brand new.

If you are open to value add strategy, small multis have potential for not only traditional forced appreciation but also the ability to see major rent increases.  

But here are ways to reduce capital gains taxes:Deduct expenses (renovation, selling costs) in 2024 to offset gains.Hold for 1+ year to qualify for lower long-term capital gains tax rates.Invest in a Qualified Opportunity Fund (QOF) to defer taxes.Use tax-loss harvesting to offset gains with investment losses.Pushing 2024 deductions to 2025 won’t help much with 2024 capital gains.

That’s total cost.

Quote from @Anthony Sigala: We are all aware of the 1% rule--the gross rent produced by a property must equal 1% of the of the property's acquisition cost.

ALL closing costs will be paid by the cash buyer.

With closing costs, housing costs, agent commissions, my HELOC costs, I estimated about $20-$30k profit, depending on sale price.But, now I am thinking this would be a great BRRRR to learn those ropes as well!

Cost is $1000. 

You need an income that meets three requirements:Rents increase faster than inflation to offset constantly rising prices.It must be reliable; it continues even during economic downturns.It must last throughout your lifetime.These are all long-term requirements, so the current interest rates are not the major issue.