I am getting my roof replaced on a rental property.  The cost is divided as follows: Insurance is covering portion of itI am covering portion of it (as my insurance does not cover full replacement cost).  I only get t...

Also depending on where the syndication invests in, you can have filing obligations in multiple states.There are a couple of accountants on this message board who are specialize in real estate taxation and investments in syndications.

I would prioritize finding an accountant who specializes in real estate taxation over one that is local.There are 20+ accountants on this message board who specialize in real estate taxation.

For instance, what are the long term consequences of being able to invest approx. 35% (referencing your numbers from above, 10% penalty + 25% taxation) less cash into the initial purchase? 

Lenders tend to not think from a solid business perspective, but there are taxation and "book balance" reasons they sometimes do illogical things.It would take all day to cover some of your questions.

If you close on any deals your lawyer would write it out to business but you can just transfer money to whatever account you would want the money...just think if you make money and record under a corp you'll have to pay a tax for that and then if you pay yourself a salary under the corp then you'll be paying an income tax for your self so it's almost like double taxation.

I don't want to be exposed to double taxation on that money.

The State Department of Assessments and Taxation (SDAT) are the ones who set the value of property based on the market value of similar properties in the area.

First, if you, like most investors, do not have a solid understanding of real estate taxation, we will educate you and make sure you're not leaving money on the table by overlooking existing deductions and credits.

For example, the City of Philadelphia has some taxation levies that a non-local guy might not have any inkling that these even exist, let alone figuring out how to get the paperwork and complete it properly.And as an example for the state level, the state of PA does not recognize tax-deferral via 1031 exchange, so the professional you choose needs to know some of these local nuances.