There is a lot of data showing that it will most likely appreciate, but there is zero "proof" that it will 100% definitely appreciate.A mathematical comparison is Brocard's Conjecture, which has been tested out to "2 * 10^9" but is still only accepted as a conjecture.

As an MS in Physics and Mathematics, I take quantum field theory as the most fundamental level of Reality.

The mathematical formula for buy and hold and flipping is 1:6. 3.

Still spouting this mathematical nonsense?

Using leverage is just applying mathematical principles to the real world.

Jeff Beard maybe I cannot convince you but mathematically, in recent times, the appreciating markets (San Fran, Los Angeles, OC, San Diego) have out performed virtually every cash flow area.  

Some landlords use a mathematical equation, called RUBS, to bill based on the size of the unit or other factors, this is just as inaccurate and down right illegal in a lot of places. 

It make make left-coast sense in California, but mathematically - when you discount your future cash flows - it's a bad deal (as a business).   

It seems to mathematically make sense that I payoff the loan first because of the high interest rate but if someone has a strong argument for acquiring my first property then i'm all ears!

You cannot simply use a mathematical formula as while one is simple, they will have to work with the engineers (civil, MEP) to coordinate exterior, entrances, grades etc.