Your question has been debated between BP tax experts both privately and publicly, for example here: https://www.biggerpockets.com/forums/51/topics/819991-expens...And we ended up where we started: no consensus and no clarity.There have also been court decisions that support my interpretation, even though I personally find these court decisions debatable.

And I struggle through the expert interviews. 

Remember, the notion of amassing wealth without investing is a dangerous myth perpetuated by self-proclaimed experts.

Additionally, I'm banking on a future opportunity to refinance.After less than a year, here are a few tips from what I’ve learned:*Hire a local STR expert real estate agent to guide your investment location.

What new apartments are permitted around it...or 1/2 way thru construction, but not on the market.How do you become an expert or master it.....probably like any other skill...practice. 

Drywall, for instance, is an art, you can't just watch a YouTube vid a become an expert. 

@Jake Knight is the expert for the Indianapolis area - he has been doing property management for year. 

.🔹 Partnering with Trusted Local Experts – Engaging experienced and reliable builders, architects, contractors, and surveyors is essential for a safe, efficient, and successful rebuilding process.Recovery isn’t just about getting back to where you were—it’s about creating something better.

KNOWING real estate (or delivering babies) is a requirement for an expert. 

My 2 cents: it sounds like you've got to pick a lane and stay in it, become an expert, and level up in that lane.