Here are some things you can do:
1. Check the zoning ordinances for STR, they are generally online. If there are none, call and ask if there will be rules.
2. Ask the business license department if one is required.
3. Check with your state about registering to collect sales tax if there is any. ABB&VRBO collects and pays it but if you collect any from direct bookings, you will have to pay it as required. If a permit is required in your community they will usually ask for your tax permit.
3. When you know that STR is acceptable in specific zones, look at the map online
4. If you are looking for a property in a specifically permitted zone, visit the planning department and talk to someone. Short of that visit, call and speak to someone.
4. Speak to an owner who has an STR in your selected zone, and get the "real" story.
Keep this in mind. Even if an STR is permitted for example in a zone, this does not mean it's ok. Many communities have or are writing ordinances to specifically regulate SRTs. They want specific parking requirements, safety e.g. exits marked, ramps, and more. I know one community that wants your permit (yes you must have a license) to be posted on the inside of the entrance door or close by. The fire department must come out for an annual inspection.
Sometimes a community does not want STRs. They may allow them but make it challenging to own and operate. Consider when you want to sell the property as an STR. Some communities require the new owner to obtain a new permit which they can reject. The new owner can not apply for a permit until they own the property. Imagine if you are trying to sell a property and the potential buyer tells you they can't take the risk that the city will grant a permit. This is the case with one city in the area where I work.
I recently told a councilman from this city that real estate agents are telling prospective buyers to avoid their city for STR because of the onerous rules. He was surprised. I explained that the paper says one thing but under the table rules are different.
Oh, by the way, the code enforcement people in this city look at ABB and VRBO, they find owners who don't have permits and the fine is $500 per day. Never risk buying a property where you are not sure not only are the rules permitting you but the policy as well.