I am a RE investing newbie as well. I have only dealt with the Tax Sales at the court house, never any other kind. I am currently finishing up my first deal and it is a short sale.... first thing is understand that a SHORT sale is anything BUT short! But it has definately been worth the wait and patience in my case.
As one poster said earlier, the lister might be puting a low price to drive traffic, and this was the case with mine as well. However, we were sill able to get a great deal on it, but not quite as low as the listed price. We asked the listing agent what was the last day the bank was taking offers (many times there will be a deadline before it goes forward into foreclosure). Also, the agent can tell you if they have received offers that are below asking, or if the offer meets or exceeds asking. By law, they cannot tell you the exact price of other offers, can this will at least let you know if they have received a full price offer.
Even after we won the highest bid, the bank then sent their own appraisors out to look at the house... if you think that the house is undervalued,... then they might as well. However, work with them and if you are the highest bidder, you will probably be the only person they are still dealing with.
We are about to close and will do minor repairs and then begin renting.
Stay patient as it is a long process but can be worth it for sure!