This is an incredible and convoluted case that involves a conflict in the law.
First: Deeds must be signed (This includes Deed of Trust)
Second: Doctrine of Incorporation by Reference (Which means that one signed document that references another unsigned document makes both documents enforceable.)
I may write a blog post: How to Steal a House, and the Money too.
My husband loaned money on a property in another county and hired an attorney to prepare the documents. The closing happened remotely. The borrower signed the promissory note and told my husband he would save him the trip and file the deed of trust for him in the local county. My husband trusted he would do so.
Months later, the Deed of Trust was still not filed, nor signed.
My husband and the borrower had a falling apart due to some other legal issues, of which the issue of the Deed of Trust still wasn't signed was included. The judge ordered that there was a "meeting of the minds" and ordered the borrower to sign the Deed of Trust.
The balloon payment was never paid, nor was the Deed of Trust signed. The attorney that drew up the paperwork guided us in the foreclosure process, suggesting that the judge's order of a signed Deed of Trust was sufficient to perform a non-judicial foreclosure, of which we did in January 2014.
They borrowers sued us for "wrongful foreclosure", as we foreclosed without a signed Deed of Trust.
There was a clerical issue in that when the judge ordered the deed of trust to be signed and executed his order said "attached". However the deed of trust wasn't attached, therefore the borrowers claimed they didn't know what they needed to sign.
A new judge came into play, and ordered the deed of trust to be attached some 18 months ago. At that time there was a motion for summary judgement to set aside the foreclosure sale. It took the judge 18 months to revisit that motion (and it got his attention as we filed a writ of mandamus to force him to rule), and he ruled to set aside the sale.
Already $30k in legal fees, we have to revisit our next steps:
1. Appeal to a higher court to decide the conflict in the law.
2. Continue the legal battle, motion to compel (face contempt of court/jail) the borrower to sign and foreclose once again.
3. Let the property go to tax sale, where we or others could bid on the property and collect the overages as the lender.
This is why I wanted the taxes that my husband already paid to be repaid as a tax lien. Even if he got a judgement for "unjust enrichment", that judgement would not survive a tax sale.
And yes, we still face charges of conspiracy and fraud in addition to the complication of the foreclosure.