@Kevin Sobilo Thanks for sharing that.
1. Yes, so I'm using standard cash flow from operations GAAP, which would be as you said adding in depreciation to net income.
I need to learn how mortgage pay-down principle applies to cash flow since mortgages are not considered operational expenses.
2. I have not factored those in. I took the rents I received at year-end and divided the cash flow from operations by that.
The reason I looked at cash flow from operations divided by rental income is that it should show efficiency in getting cash flow compared to your rental income. For example, if rental income stayed the same for 5 years (just hypothetical) at $100,000, and your cash flow from operations went from $10,000 to $30,000, then technically you are becoming more efficient at receiving cash from your overall rental income.
I see your point, cash-on-cash would give me what I'm looking for. I was thinking at a portfolio level. So for portfolio level, could you do: (total cash flow returned / total cost basis of properties)?