@John Cannon The best thing is to just start looking. (And don't try to figure everything out at once. Otherwise, you will spin and never make any progress as it will feel overwhelming.) As to where to look that really comes down to what your goals are for the property. So what are they?
Are you wanting a property to be a particular distance from an attraction? (Ski Resort, National Park, National Forest, Small Town, Denver, etc.) First and foremost you need to be clear on what you want and then someone can help guide you on to where that might be. (e.g. Golden is different than Evergreen which is different than Dillion). I might be biased but, I personally would start with an investor-friendly agent (BP is the perfect spot to find one of those!) Once you have it narrowed down or feel you are in the area (or areas) you want to buy in, then I would look for a PM. IMO
I personally live in Evergreen. It's a wonderful town. You can do well with an STR here but there are regulations. Jefferson County is fine to work with as long as you abide by their regulations. This goes for any market. But with that said, I would only really focus in on Evergreen or Conifer given the fact that you need at least 1 acre to STR in Jefferson County. As an example, Evergreen is actually in two counties (Jefferson County and Clear Creek County). I agree with @Brett Deas that Clear Creek County is a good place to look, but they do have a cap on STRs. I check periodically and the last time I checked in with the county they had reached their cap. They re-evaluate this every year and the license # is based on a percentage of the total residential housing inventory each year. But this personally wouldn't stop me from looking in Clear Creek. Trying to not make this post too long! Happy to discuss why that is if you have an interest.
Anyway regarding where to get the information, you need to search up the town and then also the county as pending on the size of the town, they may not self-regulate. It could be a county thing. e.g. Evergreen is in unincorporated Jefferson County and doesn't have its own regulations so for Evergreen you would be using Jefferson County STR regulations. Hey, it can be a lot, so I would recommend you figure out your goal(s), and then do some digging and/or talk to an expert in your area or areas of interest and then go from there.
Regarding areas, I personally would stay away from Dillon. As mentioned in this thread, Summit County is getting VERY strict. I like Grand County. Specifically the Winter Park / Fraser area. I actually built two houses up in Fraser and LTR the smaller one and STR the larger one. I got them both for free! (Built and then refinanced all my money out of the construction loan when I transitioned to the fixed loan.) Needless to say, they do quite well.
So much more could go into this post, but digest and then hit me up with questions. I've got some videos that go into a little bit more detail on some of these topics on my YouTube Channel you can check out if you have time. (Links can be found in my BP profile.) But again, chatting with an expert would be my recommendation. With the goal of really narrowing down on what it is you are looking for and where and then going from there.
Reach out any time if I can be of more help and/or hit me up here in this thread and I'll be happy to respond!
Michael