@Tyler Resnick, Thanks for explaining the basics. I appreciate it! I'll have to go back in with a level to double check, but I didn't see any obvious bowing or sagging. The trusses run perpendicular to the wall that was removed, so it's possible it's weight-bearing. Good assumption on the single-story house. :)
@Clancy Catelli, I can't access the crawl space. Looks like I need to go in the attic! Thanks!
@Mike Reynolds, Thank you, too, for explaining the basics. I'm trying to sort out rafters, trusses, joists, etc. You're right that it's less than 40' across and there is no 2nd floor. I need to go back in the attic now that I kind of know what I'm looking for. I will also measure that "beam" to confirm or disconfirm your suspicion.
Here are some other pictures if that's helpful. 1st: Outside the home. If we had xray vision, and looking at the left side of the home, we'd be staring straight at the missing wall in my original post. So, the left wall in the 2nd picture is the gable end of the roof. The 3rd picture is of the attic, although without more context, idk if it's helpful. Thank you again for your explanations and thoughts. I really appreciate it. I'm quite humbled/embarrassed to have so little knowledge about construction, but I have to start somewhere.