Hey @Christopher B.-
Getting outside the real estate focus a bit here, but there are a ton of resources out there for figuring ranch profitability:
https://extension.sdstate.edu/...
https://texnat.tamu.edu/
https://www.grainews.ca/livest...
Obviously ranch profitability has several variables (rainfall, forage types and health, soil health, cattle prices, feed/hay prices, etc.), it seems to me one of the biggest factors that are controllable is the initial investment in land. Out here, decent range land is $6-10,000/acre, which makes cattle farming almost impossible to break even if you buy outright. Most of the pure cattle farms in Texas have been family owned for generations, so people enjoy living out there on the big ranches but get a pitifully small return-on-equity. Hence my interest in finding off-market or below-market ranch land.
As much as I would love to run cattle, it seems one of the better ways to make the ranch profitable (aside from multispecies grazing or adding additional ventures, like catfish/tilapia farming, nut production, etc.) is to have several STRs on them. We've rented several of these and just love being out on a ranch with all the quiet and nature.
What is ranch land going for in your area?