Originally posted by @Leah Cooper:
Hi all,
I've been reading about tax liens and short sales. An article suggested that this was a good way to obtain property at a low price. However, most of the articles I'm finding are giving me a bit too much info, as I'm just trying to get the basics down before delving deeper. Can explain exactly what a tax lien and a short sale is, and how they relate to reach other? How is the process of buying a property under these circumstances different than just purchasing a regular property? Also, would anyone recommend this as a good place to get started in real estate (low capital to start?) or would this be a nightmare of a starting point?
I'd appreciate any feed back! I'm new to real estate and the jargon, so any info is welcome!
Thanks,
Leah Cooper
Hi Leah,
With regard to tax liens...
In theory, purchasing a tax lien is making a loan to a property owner so that they can pay their property tax up to date and avoid being foreclosed by the municipality for non-payment of property tax. Those who don't understand the process (including many property owners) will not necessarily see it that way, but there is no direct interaction with the property owner; it's all done through the municipality. In many (most?) states, an auction is held and the interest rate is bid down from whatever the state's maximum interest rate is for tax liens. I know that in NJ where I live, it's 18%. In practice, you usually end up paying a premium to purchase a tax lien certificate. This happens when the rate has been bid down past 0%. In cases like this, you will pay over and above the face value of the initial certificate, sometimes by tens of thousands of dollars, so that you obtain the right to purchase subsequent quarterly tax payments (known as "subs") at a fixed rate of 18% (in NJ). So, depending on how the numbers look for a given property, you decide how much of a premium (if any) you want to bid. If the certificate is not redeemed by the property owner within two years of the initial tax sale, the certificate holder has the right to initiate foreclosure proceedings.
Despite what you may read on the internet from those selling "get rich quick with tax liens" schemes, you are by no means guaranteed a win. There are many things that can go wrong. A declaration of bankruptcy by a property owner can delay foreclosure or redemption, and tie up your money for years. An IRS lien (although rare) can take precedence, so that you yourself (the lien holder) are foreclosed upon and lose your investment. The property may be end up being worth less than the outlay to keep up with the tax payments or the cost of foreclosure. As with any real estate investment, due diligence is the key. Do your homework, and know exactly what it is you're investing your hard-earned money in. All that being said, tax liens CAN be a low cost entry point into real estate, but be very careful.
Thanks,
Dave