I invest in a small town that has one of the State Universities. The town also has several fairly large employers. And, I do have family in the area, so I have a good reason to go back on occasion to check out my properties. The problem I am having now is there are only four houses for sale in that town right now, which is bad when you are trying to grow your portfolio, but is good if you are trying to sell.
I rent to students. You can generally rent out to students for more than you can to a family. And, they always pay on time.
Regarding buying in small towns, it is done all the time. The challenges are you have more lower paying jobs that can be subject to the whims of the economy, there is generally very little appreciation, there are a lot of very old houses that have a whole other level of issues, and some small towns are dying off. All that said, one thing we learned the past couple of years is people can work from almost anywhere on the planet now. So, maybe small towns that have some sort of appeal will start retaining their young population. So, why do people live there? What keeps them there? Is it at or near a destination for other folks?....
There are other cities in the Midwest where the entrance price is still fairly low, especially compared to California. You just gotta do your research and due diligence to find those opportunities.
When I look at a property, if the numbers don't quite work, I ask myself, Can I do something to inject some value to the property and increase the income and/or value of the property? If not, I cross it off my list.
Anyway, this has been kind of a rambling post. There are so many things to consider, wherever you invest. So hopefully you are able to glean something from it.