American Greed? Real Estate stories?

[Jon S.]

How does a real estate investor avoid being scammed by a real estate con artist? As I am watching episodes of "American greed", I am relieved that I am investing in real estate, something I have more control over than stocks or bonds, something I can add value to. However, the reality is that con artists work in every industry.  What are the typical or most common ways that con artists commit fraud or legally steal from investors in real estate? What are the experiences people have had with con men, being ripped off, being scammed, or someone trying to scam them, in real estate?  Perhaps these stories will prevent someone else from being ripped off. If you haven't watched American Greed, it episodes depict Bernie Madoff style rip offs (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Madoff). I like watching this show because it really makes you think about being careful and cautious in your investments. Thanks for any stories or warnings you all can share.