If you are valuating SFR's focus on  other long-term plays like debt pay-down, equity, and tax benefits...Not discouraging your valuation..practice helps...but your vacancy loss is pre-determined as a component of GOI...it's not an operating expense...and capital expenditures are what they are...again, not an operating expense (and 15% may be excessive...).PM me or feed me a couple of your property addresses and financials and I'd be glad to help you sort these out. 

Can be 50/50, 60/40 or a predetermined amount such as $500 or more.The simple answer to your question about how does the investor make money. 

When the transaction closes, the purchase is funded, and we set aside additional funds in an escrow account to pay predetermined professionals to make any required or desired repairs or upgrades to a property AFTER the buyers settle on the purchase transaction.

If so, there should be pre-determined agreements as to how a broken lease works, eg: you keep the sec. deposit and last month's rent.  

The same rule applies though - work through the numbers and decide if you believe you can rent, lease-purchase or sell the property within a predetermined period of time while mitigating risks and knowing your exit strategy.

He can schedule all of his showings around the predetermined time.  

@Johann Jells the numbers are flawed, they equate military bases with monetary payments and other nonsense meant to skew in favor of an predetermined outcome.It is really amazing how difficult it is to get someone to say thank you for several billions of dollars.Btw- there is renewed fear as another surge is hitting the north east.

If you require income verifications its a good idea to list the acceptable docs on your application for predetermined consistency purposes.

Its my understanding that a lease option is like a stock option where you give your tennant the option to buy at a predetermined price for a predetermined amount of time.

Your credit history must meet our predetermined screening criteria.