What's a market?

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Total beginner question I know, but I can't rap my head around this for some reason.  Is a real-estate market the entire country or the entire state or entire city or how does this work? Are real-estate markets just broken down from country > state > city > area/neighborhood?  I'll hear people talk about cities like the Boston or Atlanta real-estate markets, and then there's also the real-estate market for the entire country of Canada and the U.S.